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Physics Honors – Lab 09 – Conservation of Momentum

November 22, 2011 Leave a comment

Purpose

  • The purpose of this lab is to verify the conservation of momentum when two carts collide
Procedure
  • the procedure is outlined in the handout from class
Additional Considerations
  • Is momentum conserved in both elastic and inelastic scenarios?
  • Does mass affect the conservation of momentum?
  • Is it important to ensure the table is level?
Notes & Processing & Hints
  • use the conservation of momentum equation to prove (or disprove) the law
  • what factors could interfere with the lab? how would they interfere?
  • calculating the percent difference between two quantities is the best way to show that a law is verified

Physics Honors – Lab 08 – Conservation of Energy

November 8, 2011 Leave a comment

Purpose

  • The purpose of this lab is to verify the conservation of energy of a cart rolling down a track
Procedure
  • each student group is asked to write a procedure that utilizes the existing lab equipment in order to accomplish the goal of the lab
  • suggested equipment: GLX Xplorer, Motion Sensor
  • How will you do this without a meter stick?
Suggestions & Commentary
  • start the cart from rest near the top of the ramp, against a fixed object (ruler?) to insure the same “top of the hill”
  • record the angle of ramp and the distance traveled (h = (distance traveled)sin(theta)
  • note the velocity of the cart at a fixed distance down the ramp to insure a constant change in vertical height
  • is there a way to change this lab into a “y vs. x” experiment, in order to generate a graph?
  • I will be taking a closer look at the number od digits you are using in your measurements.
  • How many digits are meaningful?
  • Do you need to even measure mass?
Notes & Processing & Hints
  • use the conservation of energy equation to prove (or disprove) the law
  • what factors could interfere with the lab? how would they interfere?
  • calculating the percent difference between two quantities is the best way to show that a law is verified

Lab Notebooks

November 4, 2011 Leave a comment

You will be required to use a lab notebook throughout your course of study this year. This will serve as your lab and activity diary and is to be brought to class every day. Think of this as the place where all thinking associated with labs and activities will be recorded. While you should ensure that submitted work is neat and legible, much of the purpose of this book is to serve as your scratch paper as well. By the end of the year you will have a comprehensive record of all that you have accomplished in this course.  I will periodically collect and check your progress, although not every time that an activity is completed. Here are some things to keep in mind about your lab notebook.

  • Every page should be numbered (in ink) in the upper-right corner
  • Only use blue or black ink when writing in the lab notebook
  • Mistakes should be crossed out – no erasing or white out
  • Write only on the right side of the lab pages for entries you wish to submit
  • All data collection, notes, ideas, processing must be shown in the notebook
  • Label the front of the notebook with your name, class, period
  • The first page is reserved for the table of contents, updated as entries are made
  • No photocopies are allowed to be taped into the book, with the exception of graphs
  • The top of the first page of every activity should have the proper labeling (date, topic etc)
  • Even when working in groups, each person should have a copy of the collected data
Categories: Chemistry, Lab, Labs, Physics Honors, SHP Tags:

The Lab Process

November 4, 2011 1 comment

Ugh – how I truly hate grading lab reports. To point, if there was one aspect of the course that I would put off until absolutely necessary it would be the evaluation of lab reporting. I am in the middle of trying something new this semester, students post lab results on a Tumblr blog, and this has been a mixed bag of results so far.

On the one hand, it had freed both the students and the teacher from the heinous process of overly-structured lab notebooks. Nothing kills a lab, and I mean NOTHING, like an ornate lab formal lab report. While the guidelines are clear they are infused with countless small details that are easily overlooked, especially by a student who has six other classes to attend. (As a side note: I am always startled by this fact when I think of it in the abstract, objective way that is detached from my insulated world.)

But it truly IS important to learn how to operate as a lab scientist and leaving this overt coaching out of the class process leads to such wide variation that reading whatever is posted becomes almost unbearable. Maybe the solution is to have a broad rubric which makes it easier to grade holistically. But what would that look like?

Data

  • Data is anything directly recorded, including units, organized in a table
  • No calculations or interpretations or conversions of any kind allowed
Calculations
  • Show one example of each type of calculation using data from the lab
  • Title, Formula, Number Example
  • Then summarize all calculation results in a table
  • if you plot a graph then this is mentioned in this section
Discussion
  • discussion of results is included here
  • what are the trends? what did you expect? how did it differ from your results?
  • what did you conclude from the lab? (be specific)
For examples of what this might look like please see the posted (full lab report) example
Categories: Chemistry, Lab, Labs, Physics Honors, SHP Tags:

Physics Honors – Lab 07 – Coefficient of Friction

November 1, 2011 1 comment

Purpose

  • The purpose of this lab is to determine the coefficient of friction of a smooth surface.
Procedure
  • each student group is asked to write a procedure that utilizes the existing lab equipment in order to accomplish the goal of the lab
  • suggested equipment: GLX Xplorer, Motion Sensor, balance
Scenarios
  • rolling friction of a ball on a surface
  • rolling friction of the lab cart on the track
  • sliding friction of a mass on the table
  • impact of weight on the coefficient of friction
Notes & Processing & Hints
  • use the derived equation (from class) in order to determine the coefficient in each case
  • be sure and repeat the trials in order to minimize uncertainties for any given trial

Physics Honors – Lab 06 – Newton’s Second Law

October 19, 2011 Leave a comment

Purpose

  • The purpose of this lab is to verify Newton’s Second Law
Procedure
  • using the motion track and the GLX motion sensor measure the acceleration of the cart for each trial
  • for each trial, vary the mass of the hanging object or the mass of the cart
  • generate enough data to be able to examine the relationship between the masses and the acceleration
  • be sure and note the number of the GLX used and save the data obtained
Masses in the lab
  • cart = 500 g
  • long weight = 500 g
  • short weight = 250 g
Notes & Processing & Hints
  • using Newton’s Laws, derive the relationship between the masses and the acceleration
  • plot the appropriate graph from the data obtained
  • from the plotted graph, and the slope of the line, draw a conclusion about the lab’s purpose
  • analyze the situation by applying Newton’s 2nd Law to the lab scenario
  • read the lab instruction for hints about the theoretical relationship
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